Females have their own concerns.
雌性恐龙要顾好自己的事。
They must prepare to bring a new generation into the world...
它们准备将新的生命带到这世界，
a new generation that needs to be a little bit better than the last.
新一代的恐龙需要做的就是青出于蓝而胜于蓝。
Fossil records show that dinosaurs needed to prepare for mating early in life.
化石记录显示，恐龙在很年轻的时候就得为交配做好准备。
One of the things we're finding in common for all dinosaurs is that they started reproducing when they were still growing,
我们发现了所有恐龙的一个共同之处，那就是当它们还在发育时就开始繁殖了，
and this tells us that life was cheap in the age of dinosaurs.
这点告诉了我们在恐龙时代生命是廉价的。
These dinosaurs may be young, but they've got plenty of work to do.
那些恐龙也许很年轻但它们有很多事要做。
They must ensure that they are in good health, well-fed,
它们要保证自己身体健康，营养充足，
and have plenty of nourishment for their unfertilized eggs.
必须要为自己的未受精卵摄取大量的营养。
As these big dinosaurs are growing up,
随着那些大恐龙的成长到了一定的程度，
there comes a point where they have to start putting some of the resources not just into growth anymore, but into reproduction.
它们就得开始把一部分营养用到繁殖上，成长再也不能独享这些资源了。
Whether a carnivore or an herbivore, calories are key.
无论对食肉还是食草动物来说，热量都是关键。
To be a successful mother, females need plenty of nutrients.
要成为一名成功的母亲雌性恐龙就需要摄取大量的营养。
That means high-calorie young leaves and shoots, or if you're a carnivore, more red meat.
那来自于高热量的嫩叶和嫩枝，如果你是食肉动物，就得吃更多的肉。
Without it, they can't produce eggs.
没有热量，它们就无法产卵。
Females have to be stockpiling resources big-time...lots of protein, lots of fats, lots of calcium.
雌性恐龙必须要储备非常多的物资大量的蛋白质，脂肪和钙元素。
All those materials have to be stored in the body so that they're available instantly to start producing the eggs as soon as the animal has mated.
所有的这些营养都必须储存在体内所以，它们可以在一交配完后，就立刻产卵。
Hormones in females stimulate the liver to send yolk to the ovaries.
雌性恐龙体内的荷尔蒙刺激肝脏从而把卵黄送入卵巢。
When her eggs are fertilized, the yolk will provide enough nutrition to keep a growing dinosaur embryo alive for as long as three months.
当它的蛋受精后卵黄将会提供充足的营养来使发育中的恐龙胚胎存活三个月。
A dinosaur mother-to-be also needs calcium for eggshells.
恐龙孕妇也需要为蛋壳摄取钙元素。
The dinosaur eggshell is composed of calcium carbonate,
恐龙蛋的蛋壳是由碳酸钙组成的，
just like bird eggshells today, like some crocodilian eggs have this hard calcium carbonate eggshell.
就像今天的鸟蛋和鳄鱼蛋一样，蛋壳都是由这种坚硬的碳酸钙组成的。
And that eggshell protects the developing embryo.
那些蛋壳保护着发育中的胚胎。
A single female Sauroposeidon produces 300 to 500 eggs each season.
一头雌性波塞冬龙在每个繁殖季节内会产下三至五百枚卵。
That takes a lot of calcium, a mineral in short supply in the plants of the Cretaceous.
需要消耗很多钙元素在白垩纪，这是一种稀缺的矿物质。
So just how does this Leviathan, a creature requiring almost 400,000 calories a day just to survive,
那么这种每天需要四十万卡热量的"海怪"是如何生存的，
manage to maintain its girth and get enough nutrients to reproduce?
又是怎样给全身提供供养并摄取足够的营养来进行繁殖的呢？
