新闻编辑部的领导层从未如此多元化，但这还不够

A new class of media executives who have taken top jobs at major publications in the US in the last year is much different than any that came before it. Notably, the class is not made up of predominantly White men.

In fact, the cohort includes many firsts. For the first time, there is a Black executive running a major American broadcast news network. The new leaders of ABC News and MSNBC are not only the first Black people in the top roles, but also the first women. The new CEO of The Associated Press is the first person of color and the first woman to lead the news agency. Black women now run Refinery29 and Bon Appétit, and Teen Vogue is led by a South Asian American woman for the first time. Also for the first time, the top editor of Entertainment Weekly is a person of color. She is also the outlet's first female editor in chief. Reuters also named its first female editor in chief in its 170-year history. One of the biggest national newspapers, The Washington Post, had a first by appointing a woman as executive editor.

The change is also happening at other big daily newspapers. New appointments at The Dallas Morning News and the Houston Chronicle ushered in multiple firsts — the first woman and the first Black person to run the Dallas paper and the first person of color to lead the Chronicle. Nieman Lab recently analyzed the leadership of the 20 largest newspapers and found only seven are led by a White man while 12 are led by a woman, a person of color or both.

These new leaders bring much overdue change to the media industry. But HuffPost Editor-in-Chief Danielle Belton, who is Black, told CNN Business in an interview recently that it's going to take more than hiring a person of color for the top job to bring diversity into a newsroom.

"Diversity doesn't stop with, like, Obama becomes president and somehow everyone is like, 'Racism is over.' That's not how things work," Belton said. "If you don't fill in the reporter roles, the social editors, people who work in sales and audience, and all these other different roles within the news organization, if you don't have diverse representation in those places, you don't actually have a diverse newsroom."

Of course, simply being a person of color or a woman at the top isn't enough to effectively lead. Leaders, like Belton, are taking the helm at publications during a time of immense change and instability. Publishers are still adapting to the digital age, no longer able to rely on the news cycles created by print products or the revenue they generated. This new media landscape requires editorial and technological know-how as newsrooms create more digital products such as podcasts, films, paid newsletters and streaming services. These leaders also took on new roles amid a pandemic, a national fight for racial equality that also permeated newsrooms and at a time when burnout among journalists is high and public trust in the media is low.

新闻编辑部的领导层从未如此多元化，但这还不够

去年在美国主要出版物担任最高职位的新一类媒体高管与之前的任何一位都大不相同。值得注意的是，这个班级并不是主要由白人组成。

事实上，该队列包括许多第一。这是第一次有一位黑人高管在经营一家美国主要的广播新闻网络。 ABC 新闻和 MSNBC 的新领导人不仅是第一批担任高层职位的黑人，也是第一批女性。美联社新任 CEO 是第一位有色人种人士，也是第一位领导该通讯社的女性。黑人女性现在经营 Refinery29 和 Bon Appétit，而《Teen Vogue》首次由南亚裔美国女性领导。也是第一次，娱乐周刊的主编是有色人种。她也是该网点的第一位女主编。路透社还任命了其 170 年历史上第一位女性主编。最大的全国性报纸之一《华盛顿邮报》首次任命了一名女性担任执行主编。

其他大型日报也发生了这种变化。 《达拉斯晨报》和《休斯顿纪事报》的新任命迎来了多个第一——第一个女性和第一个黑人经营达拉斯报纸，以及第一个领导纪事报的有色人种。尼曼实验室最近分析了 20 家最大报纸的领导层，发现只有 7 家由白人男性领导，而 12 家由女性、有色人种或两者兼有。

这些新的领导者为媒体行业带来了许多姗姗来迟的变革。但《赫芬顿邮报》总编辑丹妮尔·贝尔顿 (Danielle Belton) 是黑人，她最近在接受美国有线电视新闻网 (CNN Business) 采访时表示，要将多样性带入新闻编辑室，需要的不仅仅是聘请有色人种担任最高职位。

“多样性不会停止，就像奥巴马成为总统一样，不知何故，每个人都像，'种族主义结束了。'事情不是这样运作的，”贝尔顿说。 “如果你不填补记者的角色、社会编辑、销售人员和观众，以及新闻机构中所有其他不同的角色，如果你在这些地方没有多样化的代表，你就不会实际上没有一个多元化的新闻编辑室。”

当然，仅仅成为有色人种或处于高层的女性并不足以有效地领导。在巨大变化和不稳定时期，像贝尔顿这样的领导者正在掌舵出版物。出版商仍在适应数字时代，不再能够依赖印刷产品创造的新闻周期或其产生的收入。随着新闻编辑室创造更多的数字产品，如播客、电影、付费新闻通讯和流媒体服务，这种新的媒体格局需要编辑和技术知识。这些领导人还在大流行、全国性的种族平等斗争中扮演了新的角色，这场斗争也渗透到新闻编辑室，而此时记者的倦怠程度很高，公众对媒体的信任度很低。