美国消费者的坏消息：外出就餐越来越贵，在家吃饭越来越贵

美国劳工统计局周五表示，在没有季节性调整的情况下，餐厅价格在截至 11 月的 12 个月内飙升了 5.8%。这是自 1982 年 1 月止年度以来最大的 12 个月增幅。

不幸的是，对于那些希望通过在家做饭来抑制支出的人来说，食品杂货价格也创下历史新高：它们上涨了 6.4%，是自 2008 年 12 月以来最大的 12 个月涨幅。牛肉的涨幅最为显着，价格上涨了 20.9% .

大幅上涨突显了一个事实，即餐馆和食品制造商无法幸免于导致价格全面上涨的供应链和劳动力压力。

然而，他们发现客户愿意花更多的钱。事实上，餐馆一直在提高价格，因为他们自己的食品和劳动力成本上升，他们说，到目前为止，消费者已经接受了涨价。

麦当劳 (MCD) 在 10 月份表示，预计今年的菜单价格将比去年高出约 6%。首席执行官 Chris Kempczinski 在 10 月份的分析师电话会议上表示，这一增长“得到了客户的好评”。 Chipotle 今年也提高了价格，但它的同店餐厅销售额却有所增长。

除了餐馆，食品制造商和杂货商还面临着更高的商品、劳动力和运输成本。最近几个月，这些成本进一步上升，导致制造商将其中一些成本转嫁给了他们的零售客户——而后者又向消费者收取了部分费用。

杂货店的较高价格可能会持续到明年。卡夫亨氏 (KHC) 和亿滋 (MDLZ) 等主要制造商表示，他们计划在 2022 年初提高零售客户的价格。

这一切都允许公司取消或取消折扣，因为需求强劲，他们不想用完有限的供应。

什么在 11 月变得更贵了

根据消费者物价指数，虽然一些食品价格在 10 月至 11 月期间持平甚至下降，但在此期间其他商品价格上涨。

经季节性调整后，生菜价格上涨 6.9%，新鲜水果价格上涨 2.2%。橙子，包括橘子，上涨 2.4%。另一方面，新鲜咖啡蛋糕和甜甜圈等零食的价格上涨了 3.5%。

肉类价格也继续上涨：猪肉价格上涨 2.2%，早餐香肠价格上涨 2.7%，热狗价格上涨 2.8%。烤猪肉、牛排和排骨上涨3.7%。

其中一些项目可能会变得更加昂贵。热狗、香肠和汉堡制造商已警告零售商，他们计划在一月份提高一些冷冻和冷藏肉类的价格。

食品价格上涨是整体价格上涨趋势的一部分。在截至 11 月的 12 个月期间，包括天然气价格和其他类别在内的消费者价格通胀上涨了 6.8%，创下 39 年来的最高水平。

— CNN Business 的 Nathaniel Meyersohn 和 Anneken Tappe 为本报告做出了贡献。

Food is more expensive than it has been in decades

New York (CNN Business)Bad news for American consumers: It's getting more expensive to dine out, and it's getting more expensive to eat at home.

Restaurant prices spiked 5.8% over the 12 months ending in November without seasonal adjustments, the Bureau of Labor Statistics said Friday. That's the largest 12-month increase since the year ended January 1982.

And unfortunately for those hoping to curb spending by turning to home cooking, grocery prices are also at record highs: They jumped 6.4%, the largest 12-month increase since December 2008. Beef had the most dramatic increase with a 20.9% spike in prices.

The sharp increases underscore the fact that restaurants and food makers are not immune to supply chain and labor pressures contributing to pricing increases across the board.

Yet they've found customers are willing to spend more. In fact, restaurants have been raising prices as their own food and labor costs rise, and so far, they say, consumers have accepted the hikes.

McDonald's (MCD) said in October that it expects menu prices to be about 6% higher this year compared to last. The increase "has been pretty well received by customers," CEO Chris Kempczinski said during an October analyst call. Chipotle also raised prices this year, yet it has seen its same-store restaurant sales grow.

Beyond restaurants, food manufacturers and grocers have faced higher costs for commodities, labor and transportation. Those costs have escalated further in recent months, leading manufacturers to pass some of them on to their retail customers — who in turn charge consumers a portion of those increases.

Higher prices at the grocery store will likely stick around into next year. Major manufacturers like Kraft Heinz (KHC) and Mondelez (MDLZ) have said that they plan to hike prices for their retail customers in early 2022.

That's all allowed companies to pull back on or eliminate discounts, because demand is strong and they don't want to run out of their limited supplies.

What got more expensive in November

While some food prices stayed flat or even fell from October to November, other items got more expensive in the period, according to the consumer price index.

Lettuce prices climbed 6.9% and fresh fruit went up 2.2% on a seasonally adjusted basis. Oranges, including tangerines, rose 2.4%. At the opposite end of the spectrum, treats like fresh coffeecakes and donuts jumped 3.5% in price.

Meat prices also continued to tick up: Pork prices grew 2.2%, with breakfast sausages up 2.7% and hot dogs 2.8%. Pork roasts, steaks and ribs rose 3.7%.

Some of these items could get even pricier. Hot dog, sausage and burger makers have warned retailers that they plan to increase prices for some frozen and refrigerated meats in January.

The hikes in food are part of a trend of increasing prices overall. Consumer price inflation, which includes gas prices and other categories, rose by 6.8% in the 12-month period ending in November, hitting its highest level in 39 years.

— CNN Business' Nathaniel Meyersohn and Anneken Tappe contributed to this report.