President
The functions exercised by a president vary according to the form of government. In parliamentary republics, they are usually, but not always, limited to those of the head of state and are thus largely ceremonial. In presidential, selected parliamentary (eg Botswana and South Africa), and semi-presidential republics, the role of the president is more prominent, encompassing also (in most cases) the functions of the head of government. In authoritarian regimes, a dictator or leader of a one-party state may also be called a president.
总统
总统行使的职能因政府形式而异。 在议会制共和国中，他们通常但不总是限于国家元首，因此主要是礼仪性的。 在总统制、选定的议会制（例如博茨瓦纳和南非）和半总统制共和国中，总统的作用更为突出，还包括（在大多数情况下）政府首脑的职能。 在专**制政权中，一党制国家的独**裁者或领导人也可能被称为总统。
