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过敏症专家/免疫学家 Allergists/Immunologists They treat immune system disorders such as asthma, eczema, food allergies, insect sting allergies, and some autoimmune diseases. 他们治疗免疫系统疾病，如哮喘、湿疹、食物过敏、昆虫叮咬过敏和一些自身免疫性疾病。 麻醉师 Anesthesiologists These doctors give you drugs to numb your pain or to put you under during surgery, childbirth, or other procedures. They monitor your vital signs while you're under anesthesia. 这些医生会给您药物来麻痹您的疼痛或在手术、分娩或其他程序中使您处于下身状态。当您处于麻醉状态时，他们会监测您的生命体征。 心脏病专家 Cardiologists They're experts on the heart and blood vessels. You might see them for heart failure, a heart attack, high blood pressure, or an irregular heartbeat. 他们是心脏和血管方面的专家。您可能会因心力衰竭、心脏病发作、高血压或心律不齐而看到它们。 结肠和直肠外科医生 Colon and Rectal Surgeons You would see these doctors for problems with your small intestine, colon, and bottom. They can treat colon cancer, hemorrhoids, and inflammatory bowel disease. 如果您的小肠、结肠和底部有问题，您会去看这些医生。它们可以治疗结肠癌、痔疮和炎症性肠病。 重症医学专家 Critical Care Medicine Specialists They care for people who are critically ill or injured, often heading intensive care units in hospitals. You might see them if your heart or other organs are failing or if you've been in an accident. 他们照顾重病或受伤的人，经常前往医院的重症监护室。如果您的心脏或其他器官衰竭或发生事故，您可能会看到它们。 皮肤科医生 Dermatologists Have problems with your skin, hair, nails? Do you have moles, scars, acne, or skin allergies? Dermatologists can help. 您的皮肤、头发、指甲有问题吗？你有痣、疤痕、粉刺或皮肤过敏吗？皮肤科医生可以提供帮助。 内分泌学家 Endocrinologists These are experts on hormones and metabolism. They can treat conditions like diabetes, thyroid problems, infertility, and calcium and bone disorders. 他们是荷尔蒙和新陈代谢方面的专家。它们可以治疗糖尿病、甲状腺问题、不孕症以及钙和骨骼疾病等疾病。 急诊医学专家 Emergency Medicine Specialists These doctors make life-or-death decisions for sick and injured people, usually in an emergency room. Their job is to save lives and to avoid or lower the chances of disability. 这些医生通常在急诊室为病人和受伤的人做出生死攸关的决定。他们的工作是拯救生命并避免或降低残疾的机会。 家庭医生 Family Physicians They care for the whole family, including children, adults, and the elderly. They do routine checkups and screening tests, give you flu and immunization shots, and manage diabetes and other ongoing medical conditions. 他们照顾整个家庭，包括儿童、成人和老人。他们进行例行检查和筛查测试，为您提供流感和免疫接种，并管理糖尿病和其他持续的医疗状况。 胃肠病学家 Gastroenterologists They're specialists in digestive organs, including the stomach, bowels, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder. You might see them for abdominal pain, ulcers, diarrhea, jaundice, or cancers in your digestive organs. They also do a colonoscopy and other tests for colon cancer. 他们是消化器官的专家，包括胃、肠、胰腺、肝脏和胆囊。您可能会因腹痛、溃疡、腹泻、黄疸或消化器官的癌症而看到它们。他们还进行结肠镜检查和其他结肠癌检查。 老年医学专家 Geriatric Medicine Specialists These doctors care for the elderly. They can treat people in their homes, doctors' offices, nursing homes, assisted-living centers, and hospitals. 这些医生照顾老人。他们可以在家中、医生办公室、疗养院、辅助生活中心和医院为人们提供治疗。 血液学家 Hematologists These are specialists in diseases of the blood, spleen, and lymph glands, like sickle cell disease, anemia, hemophilia, and leukemia. 他们是血液、脾脏和淋巴腺疾病的专家，如镰状细胞病、贫血、血友病和白血病。 临终关怀和姑息医学专家 Hospice and Palliative Medicine Specialists They work with people who are nearing death. They're experts in pain management. They work with a team of other doctors to keep up your quality of life. 他们与濒临死亡的人一起工作。他们是疼痛管理方面的专家。他们与其他医生团队合作，以保持您的生活质量。 传染病专家 Infectious Disease Specialists They diagnose and treat infections in any part of your body, like fevers, Lyme disease, pneumonia, tuberculosis, and HIV and AIDS. Some of them specialize in preventive medicine or travel medicine. 他们诊断和治疗您身体任何部位的感染，例如发烧、莱姆病、肺炎、肺结核以及艾滋病毒和艾滋病。其中一些专攻预防医学或旅行医学。 内科医生 Internists These primary-care doctors treat both common and complex illnesses, usually only in adults. You'll likely visit them or your family doctor first for any condition. Internists often have advanced training in a host of subspecialties, like heart disease, cancer, or adolescent or sleep medicine. With additional training (called a fellowship), internists can specialize in cardiology, gastroenterology, endocrinology, nephrology, pulmonology, and other medical sub-specialties. 这些初级保健医生治疗常见和复杂的疾病，通常只针对成年人。您可能会因任何情况先去看他们或您的家庭医生。内科医生通常接受过许多亚专业的高级培训，如心脏病、癌症、青少年或睡眠医学。通过额外的培训（称为奖学金），内科医生可以专攻心脏病学、胃肠病学、内分泌学、肾脏病学、肺病学和其他医学子专业。 医学遗传学家 Medical Geneticists They diagnose and treat hereditary disorders passed down from parents to children. These doctors may also offer genetic counseling and screening tests. 他们诊断和治疗从父母传给孩子的遗传性疾病。这些医生还可能提供遗传咨询和筛查测试。 肾病专家 Nephrologists They treat kidney diseases as well as high blood pressure and fluid and mineral imbalances linked to kidney disease. 他们治疗肾脏疾病以及高血压以及与肾脏疾病相关的体液和矿物质失衡。 神经病学家 Neurologists These are specialists in the nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. They treat strokes, brain and spinal tumors, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. 他们是神经系统的专家，包括大脑、脊髓和神经。他们治疗中风、脑和脊髓肿瘤、癫痫、帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病。 妇产科医生 Obstetricians and Gynecologists Often called OB/GYNs, these doctors focus on women's health, including pregnancy and childbirth. They do Pap smears, pelvic exams, and pregnancy checkups. OB/GYNs are trained in both areas. But some of them may focus on women's reproductive health (gynecologists), and others specialize in caring for pregnant women (obstetricians). 这些医生通常被称为 OB/GYN，专注于妇女的健康，包括怀孕和分娩。他们进行子宫颈抹片检查、盆腔检查和妊娠检查。妇产科医生在这两个领域都接受过培训。但其中一些可能专注于女性的生殖健康（妇科医生），而另一些则专注于照顾孕妇（产科医生）。 肿瘤学家 Oncologists These internists are cancer specialists. They do chemotherapy treatments and often work with radiation oncologists and surgeons to care for someone with cancer. 这些内科医生是癌症专家。他们进行化疗，并经常与放射肿瘤学家和外科医生合作来照顾癌症患者。 眼科医生 Ophthalmologists You call them eye doctors. They can prescribe glasses or contact lenses and diagnose and treat diseases like glaucoma. Unlike optometrists, they're medical doctors who can treat every kind of eye condition as well as operate on the eyes. 你称他们为眼科医生。他们可以开眼镜或隐形眼镜，诊断和治疗青光眼等疾病。与验光师不同，他们是医生，可以治疗各种眼部疾病，也可以对眼睛进行手术。 整骨医生 Osteopaths Doctors of osteopathic medicine (DO) are fully licensed medical doctors just like MDs. Their training stresses a “whole body” approach. Osteopaths use the latest medical technology but also the body's natural ability to heal itself. 整骨医学 (DO) 医生是完全有执照的医生，就像 MD 一样。他们的训练强调“全身”的方法。整骨医生使用最新的医疗技术，但也使用身体的自然自愈能力。 耳鼻喉科医师 Otolaryngologists They treat diseases in the ears, nose, throat, sinuses, head, neck, and respiratory system. They also can do reconstructive and plastic surgery on your head and neck. 他们治疗耳朵、鼻子、喉咙、鼻窦、头部、颈部和呼吸系统的疾病。他们还可以对您的头部和颈部进行重建和整形手术。 病理学家 Pathologists These lab doctors identify the causes of diseases by examining body tissues and fluids under microscopes. 这些实验室医生通过在显微镜下检查身体组织和体液来确定疾病的原因。 儿科医生 Pediatricians They care for children from birth to young adulthood. Some pediatricians specialize in pre-teens and teens, child abuse, or children's developmental issues. 他们照顾孩子从出生到成年。一些儿科医生专门研究青春期前和青少年、虐待儿童或儿童的发育问题。 理疗师 Physiatrists These specialists in physical medicine and rehabilitation treat neck or back pain and sports or spinal cord injuries as well as other disabilities caused by accidents or diseases. 这些物理医学和康复专家治疗颈部或背部疼痛、运动或脊髓损伤以及由事故或疾病引起的其他残疾。 整形外科医生 Plastic Surgeons You might call them cosmetic surgeons. They rebuild or repair your skin, face, hands, breasts, or body. That can happen after an injury or disease or for cosmetic reasons. 你可以称他们为整容外科医生。他们重建或修复您的皮肤、脸、手、乳房或身体。这可能发生在受伤或疾病之后或出于美容原因。 足病医生 Podiatrists They care for problems in your ankles and feet. That can include injuries from accidents or sports or from ongoing health conditions like diabetes. Some podiatrists have advanced training in other subspecialties of the foot. 他们关心您的脚踝和脚部的问题。这可能包括事故或运动造成的伤害，或糖尿病等持续健康状况造成的伤害。一些足病医生接受过足部其他亚专业的高级培训。 预防医学专家 Preventive Medicine Specialists They focus on keeping you well. They may work in public health or at hospitals. Some focus on treating people with addictions, illnesses from exposure to drugs, chemicals, and poisons, and other areas. 他们专注于让你保持健康。他们可能在公共卫生部门或医院工作。有些专注于治疗因接触毒品、化学品和毒药而导致的成瘾、疾病和其他领域。 精神科医生 Psychiatrists These doctors work with people with mental, emotional, or addictive disorders. They can diagnose and treat depression, schizophrenia, substance abuse, anxiety disorders, and sexual and gender identity issues. Some psychiatrists focus on children, adolescents, or the elderly. 这些医生为患有精神、情绪或成瘾障碍的人工作。他们可以诊断和治疗抑郁症、精神分裂症、药物滥用、焦虑症以及性和性别认同问题。一些精神科医生专注于儿童、青少年或老年人。 肺科医生 Pulmonologists You would see these specialists for problems like lung cancer, pneumonia, asthma, emphysema, and trouble sleeping caused by breathing issues. 您会看到这些专家解决肺癌、肺炎、哮喘、肺气肿和呼吸问题引起的睡眠问题等问题。 放射科医生 Radiologists They use X-rays, ultrasound, and other imaging tests to diagnose diseases. They can also specialize in radiation oncology to treat conditions like cancer. 他们使用 X 射线、超声波和其他成像测试来诊断疾病。他们还可以专注于放射肿瘤学以治疗癌症等疾病。 风湿病学家 Rheumatologists They specialize in arthritis and other diseases in your joints, muscles, bones, and tendons. You might see them for your osteoporosis (weak bones), back pain, gout, tendinitis from sports or repetitive injuries, and fibromyalgia. 他们专门治疗关节炎和关节、肌肉、骨骼和肌腱的其他疾病。您可能会因骨质疏松症（骨骼脆弱）、背痛、痛风、运动或重复性损伤引起的肌腱炎以及纤维肌痛而看到它们。 睡眠医学专家 Sleep Medicine Specialists They find and treat causes behind your poor sleep. They may have sleep labs or give you take-home tests to chart your sleep-wake patterns. 他们会发现并治疗您睡眠不佳的原因。他们可能有睡眠实验室或给你带回家的测试来绘制你的睡眠-觉醒模式。 运动医学专家 Sports Medicine Specialists These doctors diagnose, treat, and prevent injuries related to sports and exercise. 这些医生诊断、治疗和预防与运动和锻炼有关的损伤。 普通外科医生 General Surgeons These doctors can operate on all parts of your body. They can take out tumors, appendices, or gallbladders and repair hernias. Many surgeons have subspecialties, like cancer, hand, or vascular surgery. 这些医生可以对您身体的所有部位进行手术。他们可以取出肿瘤、阑尾或胆囊并修复疝气。许多外科医生都有亚专业，如癌症、手或血管外科。 泌尿科医生 Urologists These are surgeons who care for men and women for problems in the urinary tract, like a leaky bladder. They also treat male infertility and do prostate exams. 这些外科医生为男性和女性治疗泌尿道问题，如膀胱漏气。他们还治疗男性不育症并进行前列腺检查。 | 
发表于 Jan 26, 2022 08:53:10
