Schindler's List
Schindler's List is a 1993 American epic historical drama film directed and produced by Steven Spielberg and written by Steven Zaillian. It is based on the 1982 non-fiction novel Schindler's Ark by Australian novelist Thomas Keneally. The film follows Oskar Schindler, a German industrialist who saved more than a thousand mostly Polish-Jewish refugees from the Holocaust by employing them in his factories during World War II. It stars Liam Neeson as Schindler, Ralph Fiennes as SS officer Amon Göth and Ben Kingsley as Schindler's Jewish accountant Itzhak Stern.
Ideas for a film about the Schindlerjuden (Schindler Jews) were proposed as early as 1963. Poldek Pfefferberg, one of the Schindlerjuden, made it his life's mission to tell Schindler's story. Spielberg became interested when executive Sidney Sheinberg sent him a book review of Schindler's Ark. Universal Pictures bought the rights to the novel, but Spielberg, unsure if he was ready to make a film about the Holocaust, tried to pass the project to several directors before deciding to direct it.
Principal photography took place in Kraków, Poland, over 72 days in 1993. Spielberg shot in black and white and approached the film as a documentary. Cinematographer Janusz Kamiński wanted to create a sense of timelessness. John Williams composed the score, and violinist Itzhak Perlman performed the main theme.
Schindler's List premiered on November 30, 1993, in Washington, D.C. and was released on December 15, 1993, in the United States. Often listed among the greatest films ever made, the film received universal critical acclaim for its tone, acting (especially Fiennes, Kingsley, and Neeson), atmosphere, and Spielberg's direction; it was also a box office success, earning $322 million worldwide on a $22 million budget. It was nominated for twelve Academy Awards, and won seven, including Best Picture, Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay, and Best Original Score. The film won numerous other awards, including seven BAFTAs and three Golden Globe Awards. In 2007, the American Film Institute ranked Schindler's List 8th on its list of the 100 best American films of all time. The film was designated as "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant" by the Library of Congress in 2004 and selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry.
Release date: February 4, 1994 (USA).
Director: Steven Spielberg.
Music composed by: John Williams.
Adapted from: Schindler's Ark.
Box office: $322.2 million.
Awards: Academy Award for Best Picture.
《辛德勒的名单》
《辛德勒的名单》是一部 1993 年的美国史诗历史剧情片，由史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格执导和制作，史蒂文·泽里安编剧。它基于 1982 年澳大利亚小说家托马斯·肯尼利 (Thomas Keneally) 的非虚构小说《辛德勒方舟》(Schindler's Ark)。影片讲述了德国实业家奥斯卡·辛德勒 (Oskar Schindler) 的故事，他在二战期间将一千多名波兰犹太难民雇佣到他的工厂，从大屠杀中拯救了他们。连姆·尼森饰演辛德勒，拉尔夫·费因斯饰演党卫军军官阿蒙·戈特，本·金斯利饰演辛德勒的犹太会计师伊扎克·斯特恩。
早在 1963 年就有人提出了关于 Schindlerjuden（Schindler Juden）电影的构想。Schindlerjuden 中的一员 Poldek Pfefferberg 将讲述辛德勒的故事作为他一生的使命。当执行官西德尼·辛伯格 (Sidney Sheinberg) 给他寄来一篇关于《辛德勒方舟》的书评时，斯皮尔伯格开始感兴趣。环球影业购买了这部小说的版权，但斯皮尔伯格不确定他是否准备好拍摄一部关于大屠杀的电影，在此之前试图将这个项目交给几位导演决定指挥它。
主要摄影于 1993 年在波兰克拉科夫进行了超过 72 天。斯皮尔伯格以黑白拍摄，并将这部电影作为纪录片进行拍摄。摄影师 Janusz Kamiński 希望营造一种永恒的感觉。约翰威廉姆斯作曲，小提琴家伊扎克帕尔曼演奏主旋律。
《辛德勒的名单》于 1993 年 11 月 30 日在华盛顿特区首映，并于 1993 年 12 月 15 日在美国上映。这部电影经常被列为有史以来最伟大的电影之一，因其基调、表演（尤其是费因斯、金斯利和尼森）、氛围和斯皮尔伯格的导演而获得普遍好评；这也是票房成功，以 2200 万美元的预算在全球获得了 3.22 亿美元的票房收入。它获得了十二项奥斯卡奖提名，并获得了七项，包括最佳影片、最佳导演、最佳改编剧本和最佳原创配乐。这部电影赢得了许多其他奖项，包括七个英国电影学院奖和三个金球奖。 2007 年，美国电影学会将《辛德勒的名单》列为有史以来 100 部最佳美国电影的第 8 位。该影片于 2004 年被美国国会图书馆指定为“具有文化、历史或美学意义”，并入选美国国家电影登记处保存。
发布日期：1994 年 2 月 4 日（美国）。
导演：史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格。
音乐作曲：约翰·威廉姆斯。
改编自：辛德勒方舟。
票房：3.222 亿美元。
奖项：奥斯卡最佳影片奖。
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